Si stima che solo il 3% circa dell’acqua presente sulla terra sia dolce e di questa solo una parte è in forma liquida mentre il resto è trattenuto nelle calotte polari e nei ghiacciai. Ancora più bassa è la percentuale delle acque potabili, idonee cioè al consumo alimentare. Una sorta di paradosso, un pianeta ricchissimo di acqua della quale però solo una minima parte può essere bevuta o usata nell’alimentazione. Watly è un progetto nato in Italia che si propone di utilizzare l’energia solare per purificare l’acqua da ogni forma di contaminazione. Si tratta in altre parole di affrontare il problema della penuria di acque potabili da una diversa prospettiva puntando sul recupero delle risorse idriche disponibili localmente. Una macchina Watly non si limita però a questa unica funzione ma può essere utilizzata anche per produrre energia e fornire connettività alla rete. Un solo dispositivo basato su principi di sostenibilità può quindi fornire tre diversi servizi di base ad una piccola comunità.
Cosa è Watly
Watly è definito come un ‘computer termodinamico’ in grado di utilizzare l’energia solare per purificare l’acqua producendo al tempo stesso energia elettrica e fornendo un sistema di connettività. Il progetto nasce poco più di tre anni fa da una idea di Marco A. Attisani e poco dopo si trasforma nell’omonima società in cui oggi lavorano una 40 persone specializzate in vari settori. Lo sviluppo di Watly avviene lungo l’asse tra Udine e Bari ed è ormai prossimo al completamento.
Watly è pensato soprattutto per quei luoghi della Terra in cui ostacoli geografici o economici rendono difficile la fornitura di servizi essenziali. In questi contesti Watly si configura come una stazione autonoma in grado di purificare l’acqua delle fonti locali ed allo stesso tempo fornire elettricità e connettività alla comunità circostante. È anche possibile connettere reciprocamente più unità per costituire una rete e servire una popolazione più ampia.
La purificazione dell’acqua con Watly
Watly è una macchina molto complessa in cui convivo diverse soluzioni tecnologiche. L’energia necessaria allo svolgimento delle varie funzioni del computer è generata attraverso un sistema di pannelli fotovoltaici dimensionati in funzione delle caratteristiche del sito di installazione. L’energia elettrica così prodotta viene quindi utilizzata in un processo denominato ‘distillazione a termocompressione’. Si tratta di un procedimento che permette di eliminare dall’acqua contaminazioni di tipo fisico, chimico e batteriologico rendendola potabile. Anche l’acqua salata può essere sottoposta a questo tipo di trattamento.
Questo metodo non prevede l’uso di filtri, membrane o sostanze chimiche rendendo in questo modo poco costosi l’esercizio e la manutenzione della macchina. L’energia eccedente non utilizzata nella purificazione dell’acqua può essere distribuita alla comunità assieme a servizi di connessione alla rete.
Un singolo computer Watly è progettato per purificare fino a 3 milioni di litri di acqua all’anno e fornire quindi acqua potabile ad una popolazione fino a 3000 persone. Come già accennato è possibile creare reti modulari di computer per fornire servizi ad una popolazione più numerosa. Tutta l’energia necessaria al lavoro della macchina viene autoprodotta dalla stessa per cui Watly è utilizzabile anche nelle aree non raggiunte dalla rete elettrica.
Watly al Maker Faire di Roma (12-14 ottobre)
Nel corso del suo sviluppo il progetto Watly ha raccolto importanti riconoscimenti tra i quali il premio Horizon 2020 e l’ingresso in un programma di accelerazione d’impresa dell’Agenzia Spaziale Europea (ESA). Gli sviluppatori del progetto ritengono che il completamento della prima unità Watly avverrà entro la fine del 2016 e verrà realizzata con la partnership industriale di Primiceri SpA. Questo primo esemplare resterà come installazione permanente negli spazi messi a disposizione da Primiceri e svolgerà funzioni dimostrative per istituzioni, aziende e media interessati al funzionamento del progetto.
Già il prossimo mese però molti dei componenti principali della macchina verranno mostrati al Maker Fair di Roma , grande evento dedicato all’innovazione tecnologica che si terrà dal 14 al 16 ottobre 2016. Il prototipo di Watly sarà in mostra al Padiglione 5 Attrazione 5.A.6 su un’area di oltre 300 mq. In questo contesto saranno montati tre diversi moduli: due ali per la raccolta dell’energia solare collegate ad una unità centrale dotata di interfaccia utente.
Durante l’evento una sarà anche possibile interagire con la macchina utilizzando la tecnologia Oculus per la realtà virtuale. I visitatori dotati di braccialetti RFID potranno anche utilizzare l’erogatore d’acqua che riproduce la modalità di funzionamento del dispositivo.
Il Maker Fair 2016 a Roma
Watly è una delle novità che animeranno l’edizione 2016 del Maker Fair di Roma. Giunto alla sua quarta edizione, l’evento si è rapidamente imposto come una delle più grandi manifestazioni europee dedicate all’innovazione. Nei tre giorni dal 14 al 16 ottobre 2016 Maker Fair sarà ospitati negli spazi della Fiera di Roma su una superficie di oltre 100.000 mq.
I ‘maker’ partecipanti potranno esporre i loro progetti all’interno di un programma che prevede anche conferenze, workshop e light talk. Nella mattina del primo giorno è prevista la formula Educational Day con l’ingresso gratuito riservato alla scuole. Dal pomeriggio dello stesso giorno comincerà l’apertura normale che verrà poi replicata nelle due giornate successive.
Photo Credits | Watly/sartoricomunicazione
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