I detrattori dell’energia eolica lamentano il fatto che le turbine producano rumore, siano pericolose per gli uccelli e deturpino il paesaggio. Tutti problemi collegati ad un solo fattore: le pale. Ma se si inventasse una turbina eolica senza pale? Se lo sono chiesti in Tunisia alla Saphon Energy, dove hanno brevettato la prima turbina eolica senza pale. Una gran bella invenzione per avere energia pulita senza controindicazioni.
L’idea è suggestiva, ma come funziona? Secondo quanto dice l’azienda, questa pala denominata Zero-Blade si ispira ad una barca a vela. Le lame infatti sono sostituite da un corpo a forma di vela che fa a meno di alcune parti centrali delle attuali turbine eoliche come l’hub ed il moltiplicatore di giri. Secondo gli ingegneri che hanno realizzato questa turbina, si supera il cosiddetto “limite di Betz”, il quale stabilisce che una turbina non può catturare più del 59,3% dell’energia cinetica del vento.
Questa teoria è stata valida fino ad oggi con le normali pale eoliche che permettevano di raggiungere un’efficienza tra il 30 ed il 40%, mentre secondo la Saphon questa turbina senza pale dovrebbe essere 2,3 volte più efficiente di quelle tradizionali. Forse è un po’ troppo ottimista, qui parliamo di numeri che sfiorano il 90% di efficienza, ma vale la pena di provare visto che costa quasi la metà rispetto ad una turbina tradizionale, avendo bisogno di meno materiale da costruzione.
La rivoluzione della turbina Saphon inoltre si attesta anche nella fase di stoccaggio dell’energia. La maggior parte dell’energia cinetica può essere conservata (tramite un accumulatore idraulico), oppure convertita in energia elettrica con un motore idraulico ed un generatore. Ora che il brevetto è stato depositato non resta che realizzarla su larga scala. La società è alla ricerca di partner per la commercializzazione e promette che le pale saranno pronte in 18-24 mesi dall’ordine.
[Fonte e foto: Treehugger]
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