Smog città italiane, per l’OMS toglie 9 mesi di vita

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L’inquinamento italiano è tra i primi al mondo, tanto da riuscire a toglierci giorni di vita. Ne è convinta l’Organizzazione Mondiale della Sanità che, oltre ad inserire l’Italia al primo posto tra i Paesi più inquinanti d’Europa grazie alle 13 città con più emissioni tra le prime 30 d’Europa, ha calcolato che l’inquinamento nel nostro Paese è talmente elevato da togliere ben 9 mesi di vita ai cittadini.

Morti premature e malattie croniche sono causate dall’aria irrespirabile, che Angelo Bonelli dei Verdi paragona all’immondizia di Napoli tradotta nell’aria anziché per le strade. Torino, Brescia e Milano sono le tre città che destano maggiore preoccupazione, dato che sono le prime di 7 città che sono riuscite già a superare il limite di 35 giorni di sforamento nella misurazione delle polveri sottili ammessi dall’Europa, e sono sicuramente tra quelle per cui non si vede una soluzione al problema. Esse sono rispettivamente al secondo, terzo e quarto posto nella classifica europea delle città più inquinate, “battute” solo dalla bulgara Plovdiv.

Lo scorso anno furono 48 le città che superarono i 35 giorni, e considerando che siamo ancora a febbraio c’è il forte pericolo che a queste 7 del 2011 presto se ne aggiungeranno altre.

Il Pm emesso dal trasporto su strada rappresenta la principale fonte di emissione di particolato nelle aree metropolitane italiane e il suo impatto si conferma un problema di sanità pubblica considerevole. In Italia ogni cittadino perde in media 9 mesi di vita per esposizione al particolato. Morti premature e malattie croniche e acute continuano a colpire individui e famiglie, la diminuzione dell’attesa di vita e della capacità produttiva pesa sulla nostra società. E infine, il costo di migliaia di ricoveri ospedalieri indebolisce il nostro sistema sanitario

spiega Marco Martuzzi, responsabile impatto ambientale sulla salute del Centro europeo dell’Oms. Nel 2006 si calcolava che le morti attribuibili all’inquinamento in Italia fossero 8.000 l’anno; quest’anno si calcola ce ne saranno almeno settemila solo nel Nord Italia. Senza calcolare anche la qualità della vita di quelli che “sopravvivono” come i bambini, i quali sono sempre più esposti a patologie come asma e malattie polmonari. Dunque cosa fare? La soluzione la offre proprio l’Oms:

Un guadagno in salute sostenibile può essere ottenuto solo grazie a politiche che mirino al contenimento delle emissioni dei mezzi privati a motore integrando migliorie tecnologiche di veicoli e carburanti, ispezioni obbligatorie ai veicoli, e incentivi fiscali, con una pianificazione urbana che promuova la pratica di camminare e andare in bicicletta in condizione di sicurezza e un trasporto pubblico pulito ed efficiente. A partire dagli spostamenti pendolari, che vedono milioni di persone dirigersi ogni giorno verso i maggiori centri e contribuiscono in maniera significativa alla produzione di emissioni.

[Fonti: La Stampa; Repubblica; Corriere della Sera]

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59 commenti su “Smog città italiane, per l’OMS toglie 9 mesi di vita”

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