Koala, l’Australia lo inserisce nelle specie minacciate

koala australia specie minacciateI koala tornano ad essere in pericolo 60 anni dopo la cancellazione dalla lista delle specie in via di estinzione. Lo ha deciso il Governo australiano che ha definito questo marsupiale “specie gravemente minacciata in alcune parti del Paese”. In particolare nelle zone del Queensland, New South Wales e nel Territorio della Capitale i koala sono stati inseriti nell’elenco nazionale delle specie vulnerabili.

A minacciare questo bellissimo animale è come sempre l’uomo. In parte direttamente, con l’espansione urbana, ed in parte indirettamente a causa dei cambiamenti climatici. Queste due concause hanno portato ad un declino del 40% degli esemplari negli ultimi 20 anni all’interno delle aree sopra elencate, e questo ha reso obbligatoria la registrazione nell’elenco.

Tony Burke, ministro dell’Ambiente australiano, ha personalmente guidato la battaglia per la salvaguardia dei koala, ed ha effettuato una relazione al Parlamento per spiegare il problema. Tra le principali minacce, oltre a quelle già elencate, Burke ha segnalato anche alcune malattie che starebbero decimando la popolazione, e l’attacco degli animali domestici, come i cani che li vedono come delle minacce. Purtroppo questo fenomeno è molto comune d’estate, quando la siccità miete molte vittime in Australia, ed i koala sono attratti dalle piscine e dalle ciotole dei cani. Purtroppo, essendo animali lenti nei movimenti, non fanno in tempo a scappare quando vengono attaccati dai proprietari di quell’acqua.

Si starebbe così ricreando lo stesso fenomeno avvenuto all’inizio del secolo scorso quando la colonizzazione degli europei portò l’intera razza dei koala sul limite dell’estinzione. All’epoca fu evitata per miracolo, ma ora dobbiamo fare i conti con altri tipi di problemi. A dare ragione al ministro australiano c’è anche l’IUCN che ha spiegato come, a causa dell’aumento della CO2 nell’atmosfera, il valore nutrizionale degli eucalipti, la principale fonte di sostentamento dei koala, sia diminuita, tanto da far rientrare questo animale tra le 10 specie maggiormente a rischio per i cambiamenti climatici.

[Fonte: The Guardian]

Photo Credits | Thinkstock

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