Conferenza di Cancun, Ue: “serve compromesso o non esiste piano B”

Il segretario esecutivo della Convenzione Onu sul clima (Unfccc) Christiana Figueres è stata molto chiara:

Cancun sarà un successo se le parti faranno un compromesso.

Cosa s’intende per compromesso lo decideranno le parti in causa, ma una cosa è certa, come ha ribadito la commissaria dell’Ue al clima Connie Hedegaard:

la lotta ai cambiamenti climatici è a forte rischio perché non esiste un piano B.

E’ una linea guida su cui in molti convergono, e che preannuncia battaglia durante la prossima conferenza di Cancun che partirà tra una settimana esatta. Qui i capi di Stato e di Governo si incontreranno per decidere sul futuro del protocollo di Kyoto e su altri aspetti ambientali, e vista l’importanza della questione, l’Unione Europea ha deciso di agire con una voce unica, facendo valere il suo peso sullo scacchiere internazionale.

La linea è stata decisa dall’Europarlamento ad ottobre ma confermata nella giornata di ieri, ed ha un obiettivo molto chiaro: la tutela delle foreste. Partire da qui significa affrontare tutti insieme una serie di problematiche. Evitare la deforestazione consente di tagliare la CO2 emessa (la deforestazione ha finora comportato il 20% delle emissioni dovute dalle attività umane, più del settore trasporti), significa assorbire maggiormente l’anidride carbonica proveniente da altri fattori, e serve per tutelare la biodiversità, fondamentale per un ecosistema sano ed equilibrato.

Per questo l’UE ha deciso di sostenere il programma REDD (Riduzione delle Emissioni provocate dalla Deforestazione e dal Degrado delle foreste) che prevede l’assistenza ai Paesi in via di sviluppo nella tutela ai patrimoni boschivi, con un finanziamento da 32 milioni di euro solo per il 2010. Ma in ballo c’è molto. C’è la credibilità di queste conferenze, ed il rischio che la prossima, Sudafrica 2011, possa rivelarsi soltanto una perdita di tempo. Secondo la Hedegaard infatti, se stavolta non si dovesse raggiungere il compromesso richiesto anche dall’ONU, c’è il rischio che molte superpotenze (Cina e Stati Uniti prima di altre) possano avviare un “gioco al ribasso”, portando a limiti alle emissioni ed altri obiettivi molto meno ambiziosi, ed in fin dei conti inutili, dato che non servirebbero a contenere l’aumento delle temperature al di sotto dei 2 gradi.

[Fonti: il Quotidiano; Freenewsonline]

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