Una radiografia del territorio decisamente sconfortante quella immortalata da Ecosistema Rischio 2010, il rapporto sul rischio idrogeologico dei comuni calabresi realizzato da Legambiente nell’ambito di Operazione Fiumi, campagna di sensibilizzazione e prevenzione organizzata dall’associazione ambientalista in collaborazione con il Dipartimento della Protezione Civile.
La Calabria ospita infatti 409 comuni a rischio frane ed alluvioni ovvero il 100% del totale. L’aspetto più preoccupante è la presenza, nel 26% dei casi, di scuole ed ospedali nelle zone rosse del dissesto idrogeologico. Una gestione dello sviluppo urbano scriteriata, quella della gran parte delle amministrazioni comunali, alla luce di un 83% dei comuni con abitazioni edificate in aree golenali, negli alvei dei fiumi piuttosto che in aree a rischio frana.
Ben il 42% dei comuni ha interi quartieri costruiti in zone a rischio, mentre il 55% presenta, sempre in aree fragili dal punto di vista dell’equilibrio idrogeologico, fabbricati industriali, con tutti i rischi che ne conseguono, in caso di frane ed alluvioni, sia per l’incolumità dei dipendenti che per l’alto potenziale di sversamenti industriali inquinanti, tossici per l’ambiente.
Ogni giorno, si stima che 185mila persone rischino la vita a causa dei disastri legati alla pericolosità del territorio calabrese. E il quadro appare ancora più sconfortante se si pensa che appena il 58% dei comuni ha predisposto un piano d’emergenza per fronteggiare frane ed alluvioni, il 32% dei quali non lo ha nemmeno aggiornato negli ultimi due anni. Per non parlare dei sistemi di monitoraggio che allertano tempestivamente in caso di rischio frane ed alluvioni, attivati da appena il 22% dei comuni.
I dati sull'(in)stabilità dei comuni della regione meridionale sono stati presentati questa mattina a Reggio Calabria, nell’ambito di una conferenza stampa che ha visto la partecipazione di Giorgio Zampetti, coordinatore scientifico Legambiente, di Nuccio Barillà, direttivo nazionale Legambiente, e di Maria Caterina Gattuso, presidente Legambiente Reggio Calabria.
La Gattuso ha sottolineato l’urgenza per
Tutti i comuni di dotarsi di piani di protezione civile funzionali, informando ed addestrando i cittadini sui comportamenti da tenere in caso di emergenza, in quanto è l’unico modo per fronteggiare nell’immediato la estrema diffusione della problematica del rischio idrogeologico e quindi per salvaguardare le vite umane esposte. I Comuni devono essere protagonisti di una vera e propria ‘rivoluzione’ sul fronte della prevenzione, le tragedie passate devono rappresentare un monito affinché non se ne possano più consumare.
Cifre, quelle presentate oggi, talmente allarmanti da giustificare il dirottamento di ogni risorsa in iniziative volte alla messa in sicurezza di case, scuole, ospedali, con opere di riqualificazione del suolo pubblico. E invece? Accade che solo l’11% dei Comuni ha intrapreso una strada virtuosa in questa direzione, appena il 13% le delocalizzazioni volte al trasferimento degli edifici ad uso abitativo che sorgono nelle aree più rischiose, mentre, per le strutture industriali, la delocalizzazione ha interessato un evidentemente insufficiente target del 13% dei Comuni. La maglia nera quest’anno va ai comuni di Fiumara (RC) e San Roberto (RC). I più meritevoli, con otto in pagella, sono invece i comuni di Catanzaro, Melito di Porto Salvo (RC) e Castrolibero (CS).
Nuccio Barillà attribuisce il maggior rischio di alluvioni alla rottura dell’equilibrio idrogeologico calabrese:
Se l’acqua esonda a ogni pioggia nel Reggino, come nel Vibonese, la causa non va ricercata nell’abbondanza delle precipitazioni, bensì nella rottura dell’equilibrio idrogeologico del territorio. In Calabria la natura è stata troppo spesso piegata e degradata in favore di operazioni speculative. Con il risultato che quando piove l’acqua non trova più i suoi canali naturali, ma scivola sul cemento e asfalto, o sotto di essi, prendendo velocità e trascinando via ogni cosa incontri.
Giorgio Zampetti, nel suo intervento, ha spiegato che
come hanno dimostrato la tragica frana dello scorso febbraio a Maierato (Vv), lo straripamento del torrente San Biagio a Reggio in settembre e ottobre, la drammatica alluvione che ha colpito Tropea nella notte tra lunedì e martedì scorsi e i forti disagi che si ripetono puntuali ad ogni pioggia la Calabria è una regione divenuta estremamente fragile. Bastano ormai semplici temporali a provocare non solo allagamenti ma vere e proprie calamità. Per questo è necessario iniziare ad agire concretamente e utilizzare i fondi a disposizione per interventi efficaci, a partire dalle situazioni di rischio maggiore.
[Fonte: ASCA]
[Foto: Virgilio Notizie; Tempostretto]
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