Veicoli elettrici: General Electric lancia il suo autobus a batterie

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Dopo le automobili, i ciclomotori e perfino le biciclette, ora un altro mezzo di trasporto diventa elettrico: l’autobus. Con milioni di autobus sulle strade del mondo, il risparmio in termini di emissioni potrebbe diventare considerevole. Anche se già oggi sono considerati un modo per muoversi più ecologico rispetto alle automobili, la maggior parte degli autobus sono alimentati da combustibili fossili non rinnovabili.

Alcuni utilizzano propulsori diesel-ibridi per economizzare sul combustibile e produrre minori emissioni, e altri funzionano a gas naturale compresso o altre tipologie, ma si tratta solo di soluzioni parziali. Gli autobus completamente elettrici potrebbero essere migliori, ma la tecnologia attuale delle batterie può rendere difficile garantire il giusto equilibrio di potenza e portata. Questo è il problema che la GE (General Electric) sta cercando di risolvere con il suo sistema a doppia batteria.

Lembit Salasoo, ricercatore principale del progetto Hybrid FTA sugli autobus elettrici, scrive sul blog di GE il perché di questa scelta. Oggi esistono diversi tipi di batterie, che sono dotate di uno squilibrio tra energia e capacità di stoccaggio. Ad esempio, le batterie al litio offrono elevata potenza, ma sono meno ottimali per stoccare grandi quantità di energia. Le batterie al sodio, invece, possono immagazzinare molta energia, ma sono molto meno potenti. E allora ecco la soluzione di GE:

Ogni tipo di batteria, di per sé, si concentra su una delle due principali esigenze per veicoli elettrici – energia e durata. La bellezza del nostro sistema duale, che combina le due esigenze, serve per affrontare il viaggio nel modo più ottimale. Un sistema computerizzato di gestione dell’energia divide l’esigenza di energia del veicolo tra le due batterie con tecnologia GE. […] Crediamo che il nostro sistema duale possa affrontare le due sfide principali che impediscono l’adozione più diffusa dei veicoli elettrici di oggi: le dimensioni e il costo della batteria. A differenza di una singola batteria, queste non dovrebbero essere enormi solo per compensare la maggiore capacità di memorizzazione energetica. Inoltre, la doppia batteria può incorporare elementi chimici meno costosi. Secondo gli studi di modellizzazione che abbiamo fatto, questi attributi potrebbero contribuire a ridurre il costo della batteria fino al 20%.

Il prototipo attuale ha una velocità massima di 80 km/h e 100-130 km di autonomia in condizioni ottimali. L’obiettivo di GE è di raggiungere una velocità superiore ai 100 km/h ed un’autonomia simile a quella delle auto elettriche, intorno ai 160 km, ideali per la maggior parte delle condizioni di guida urbana.

[Fonte: Treehugger]

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62 commenti su “Veicoli elettrici: General Electric lancia il suo autobus a batterie”

  1. Pingback: Veicoli elettrici: General Electric lancia il suo autobus a batterie – Ecologiae.com | Autobus e Mezzi Pesanti
  2. Pingback: Veicoli elettrici: General Electric lancia il suo autobus a batterie | Energia Rinnovabile
  3. Pingback: Veicoli elettrici: General Electric lancia il suo autobus a batterie | MadreNaturaNetwork

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